African American Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

African American Culture - Essay Example African American Culture is one such culture, which exhibits certain uniqueness, as the Afro-Americans practice certain activities in various spheres of their life, which is quite different from the dominant culture of White Americans (Marionis, 2004). But, on the other hand, certain activities or characteristics of African-Americans are stereotyped by the majority. So, this paper will list certain cultural characteristics, which are stereotyped. The immigration or the influx of African Americans into U.S. from a diverse range of cultures and countries started in the early centuries itself. As, they came from Africa, and later from the Caribbean countries and the Central and South American countries, they brought majority of their cultures, and this culture continues in their population, generations after generation with modifications in tune with changing times. Music of Afro-Americans is mainly polyrhymic music with roots in the African tradition, but now they are stereotyped as creators of only Rap, hip-pop music, with limited talents in other genres. The ethnic dance of the Afro-Americans is mainly based on the dance practices of the African slave communities, but now that cultural perspective is changed and break dances, which are done mainly done in the streets, are stereotyped as the dances of the Afro-Americans. When it comes to Literature, the Afro-American cultural characteristic is the verbal tradition of story telling. And as the modern day writers like Alex Haley, Alice Walker, Toni Morrison, to name a few, started to write works based mainly on Afro-American themes, they are again stereotyped. (Scott, 2005). Theirs distinctive Language patterns are also stereotyped nowadays. For example, Pidgins, a mixture of several languages, is normally spoken by African Americans. But, today inner city young people speak AAVE which is

Brief analysis of the global airline industry Essay

Brief analysis of the global airline industry - Essay Example Airline travel continues to be one of the most popular ways to travel. Airlines continue to function as freight carriers and passenger carriers with some functioning as both. The aviation industry will need to watch for economic recovery in other sectors of the economy and will need to take advantage of that recovery to rebound itself. In the European Union, airlines that fly internationally have been affected by American aviation's lowering of ticket prices to draw more customers back to flying. In 2001 the European Union began discussions with the United States to establish a trans-Atlantic pricing agreement. The American government provided bailouts to U.S. based carriers and the European Union agreed to allow European governments to grant funds to their airlines as well thus evening the playing field a bit (World Airline News, 1). A gradual return to previous levels of travel and tourism will help the industry rebound. A major influence in the airlines and other business in Europe is the growth of the European Union. Open borders offer the opportunity to add more routes to an existing airline. Ryanair is positioned in the industry to add those routes at low costs that consumers expect. The European Union is in the business of enlargement and flexible integration (Camppanella, 7).The new venture of Ryanair and Aer Lingus will need to focus on industry trends and exploit opportunities within the industry as they become available. . It needs to answer questions like "what are my competitors doing", "is there rivalry amongst firms", and "how will my suppliers react to the acquisition". Michael Porter's Five Forces Model (Porter, 1980) provides a good framework for answering such questions. Porter developed this framework for the structural analysis of industry attractiveness (Porter, 1980). Porter's framework offers a "model to help identify relevant variables and questions that must be answered to ta ilor conclusions to a particular industry or businesses"(Porter, 1980). The five forces are: the threat of entry, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers, development of substitute products or services, and rivalry among competitors (Porter, 1980). Another direction the airline might take is to conduct a PESTEL Analysis. PESTEL stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technical, Environment, and Legislative. This type of analysis provides a look at the external pressures an organisation might encounter. Ryanair could benefit by this type of analysis. For example, the company would need to take a look at the political implications that would affect the business such as: can the airlines be nationalized PESTAL analysis helps decision makers make a guided examination of factor's they may overlook using one of the other analysis models. The company may not have thought to examine the economic impact of headquartering its business in Dublin but I'm sure that environmentalist would have requested and environmental impact statement. Ryanair would benefit from knowing how local legislators view the airline and if the acquisition would be violating any local laws. Ryanair would need to examine their tax liabilities incurred by basing it self in Dublin. Tax labilities may have increased because Ryanair will be operating as a larger